On 25 Dec.
2013, the State Council of the People's Republic of China issued an
announcement on its portal, titled "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of
Crop Seed System to Increase Innovation Capability" (the Opinions). The
statement is expected to mature into specific guidelines for the future
development of China's seed industry.
The Opinions emphasize the following aspects:
allowing complete market determination in resource allocation; providing
support to seed enterprises by introducing talented workforce, technology and
resources; protecting the legitimate interests and rights of scientists over
their inventions and creations; improving companies' innovation capabilities;
and establishing a commercial breeding system.
Six measures proposed by the Opinions
To strengthen seed enterprises' leadership in
technological innovation
Seed enterprises are encouraged to increase
investments in R&D and establish joint-stock R&D institutes; scientific
research institutes and institutions of higher learning (including universities
and colleges) deemed of public interest shall be separated from seed
enterprises established by them by the end of 2015, and other scientific
research institutes shall be gradually transformed into enterprises (after
reforms, the researchers' years of work in their original institutes shall be
counted towards their pensions); new innovation platforms of seed industrial
technology, such as national and provincial technical research centers,
enterprise technical centers, and key laboratories, will be preferentially
established in seed enterprises qualified for operating in the breeding,
production and promotion fronts; among others.
To stimulate researchers' enthusiasm
Breeding materials, techniques, new
varieties, and technological achievements in general developed by research
centers and other institutions of public interest (including universities and
colleges) with the use of national funds, are eligible to apply for
intellectual property rights, and may be assigned monetary value and count as
investment shares in seed enterprises; public trading platforms for
technological achievements in the industry will be established; regulations for
the transactions will be enacted, with private deals prohibited; cooperation
between research institutes and enterprises is to receive full support; and
researchers are encouraged to join enterprises and engage in commercial
breeding; among others.
To intensify efforts to tackle problems in
national crop breeding
Five-year plans for the breeding of major
crops, such as rice, corn, rapeseed, soybean and vegetables will be designed.
The aim is to improve the industry's scientific and technological innovation
capabilities, by achieving core breakthroughs in key areas, such as germplasm,
new varieties and the efficient propagation of seeds; the country shall help
further companies' commercial breeding through various research programs and
special projects, and attract social capital to participate in and emphatically
foster seed enterprises that incorporate the three levels, breeding, production
and promotion; research and breeding platforms shall be created, cooperation
between enterprises and research institutes shall be closely established; and
so on.
To improve basic and public interest research
Study fields related to the seed industry
shall be strengthened; research centers and institutions of higher learning
shall receive support to engage in basic and public interest research in areas
such as breeding theory, general technology, and innovation of seeds, with the
aim of developing modern molecular breeding technologies and methods, and
creating new cultivars featuring high resistance, quality and yield; national
research funds for these objectives shall be increased, while investments in
the commercial breeding of hybrid rice, hybrid corn, hybrid rapeseed, hybrid
cotton and vegetables conducted by research institutes and universities shall
be gradually decreased; the preparation for and conduction of a national
medium-to-long term plan for germplasm conservation and utilization of crops
and forests shall be accelerated; and so on.
To accelerate the construction of seed
production facilities
Policy support to major seed production
facilities shall be increased and infrastructure for the construction of seed
and seedling production facilities shall be laid down; a series of policies
shall be implemented, such as insurance on seed production, subsidies on fine
wood seeds and seedlings, and awards for major grain crop seed producing
counties; the transfer of land-use rights to large seed producers and farmer
cooperatives through land shares and land lease shall be promoted; among
others.
Key events in China's seed industry in 2013,
part 1
State Council announces reforms to stimulate
seed industry
Five changes in the Examination and Approval
Measures for Main Crop
Origin reports profit growth in FY2013
Heilongjiang tomato seed market improving
Oversupply of hybrid rice seeds to continue
in 2014
Terminal sales: new marketing trend for corn
seeds
Beijing Shenzhou: space mutation breeding to
boost agricultural development
Heilongjiang soybean market still depressed
in 2013
Autumn planting of rapeseed in Anhui in
2013/2014
Seed China
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